Can Muslims Give Charity to Non-Muslims?

Zahra Ashfaq

December 18, 2024

This fatwa will explore the permissibility of such actions and the reasoning behind it.

Charity (sadaqah) is very important in Islam as an act to support those in need. A common question that arises is whether Muslims can give charity to non-Muslims.

Table of Contents

Can Muslims Give Charity to Non-Muslims?

Yes.

Muslims are allowed to give voluntary charity (sadaqah) to non-Muslims, particularly when they are in need. However, obligatory charity (zakat) is generally restricted to specific categories of people, which primarily include Muslims, with a few exceptions.

Explanation

Voluntary charity (sadaqah) is encouraged for anyone in need, regardless of their religious affiliation. This reflects Islam’s emphasis on compassion and creating good relations between Muslims and non-Muslims.

Obligatory charity (zakat), on the other hand, follows specific rules outlined in Islamic law. Zakat is generally allocated to Muslim recipients, but exceptions exist, such as giving it to non-Muslims whose hearts may be inclined towards Islam, a category specified in the Quran.

Evidence

The Quran: Allah says, “Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes—from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.” (Surah Al-Mumtahanah, 60:8)
Prophetic Example: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) exemplified acts of generosity towards non-Muslims during his lifetime. He demonstrated kindness and charity toward neighbors, relatives, and others regardless of their faith.
Scholarly Views: Islamic scholars have consistently ruled that while zakat is reserved mainly for Muslims, sadaqah can be given to non-Muslims to support those in need or to foster positive relationships.

Bottom Line

Islam encourages kindness, compassion, and generosity toward all people. While zakat has specific guidelines that favor Muslim recipients, voluntary charity (sadaqah) can and should be given to non-Muslims, especially when they are in need. By doing so, Muslims uphold the values of justice, mercy, and goodwill towards humanity.